Treatment of Industrial Wastewater in a Floating Treatment Wetland: A Case Study of Sialkot Tannery

The city of Sialkot in Pakistan is a hub leather tanneries, with approximately 260 tanneries operation and, while producing millions products per day, the discharges gallons untreated effluent into drains each day. In order to devise cost-effective system for treatment tannery wastewater, floating wetland (FTW) was established treat using local plant species through phytoremediation. efficiency FTW tested three different species, grown separately and operating months tank. Two introduced, water hyacinth lettuce, were vascular; third Typha latifolia vegetated on mat styrofoam roots extended down contaminated water. Wastewater from drain pumped tank flow 0.5 L minute given retention time six days. influent periodically determine percentage removal contaminants, primarily total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical chromium. After two significant change quality wastewater measured: chromium removed by up 95 percent lettuce 33 latifolia. pilot model indicates that FTWs are an effective way as alternative establishing expensive high associated operational costs. It can help achieving circular economy concept conventional schemes towards more sustainable ones. Moreover, achieve principles environmentally friendly development, it crucial substances used foundation have capacity be recycled, available at cheap price, locally available.